WĀHI TAPU | NGĀTI AWA
WĀHI TAPU
te PĀ O TE kUPENGA
Ka whakarite te Karauna ki te muru i te 245, 000 eka i a Ngāti Awa mō taua pakanga.
Ka kī a Hatua, rangatira matua o Ngāti Awa, “ Ka hohouhia te rongo ki a Tūhoe.” Ka whakaae ngā mōrehu o Awa.
Ka haere atu a Hatua ki te kāinga a Te Ika-poto kei tua atu o Ruatahuna ka kī, “Haere koe ki Ngāti Awa ki Rangitāiki.” Ka haere atu a Te Ikapoto ki Rangitāiki, ki te pā o Hatua, ki Te Kūpenga. Ka kitea e ia ngā pouaru o te hunga i kōhurutia me te rongo hoki o Te Ika poto i te manawa wera. Ka tū te “tatau pounamu” i Ohui. Ā mohoa nei, e tū tonu ana. – Elsdon Best.
Ko Te Kūpenga o Taramainuku te pā rongonui rawa atu i Rangitāiki. He wāhi pā i nōhia e ngā rārangi rangatira, pērā i te toa i a Iratūmoana. Akenepea nā te pakanga i tū ki Te Kūpenga i waenganui i a Ngāti Awa me te Karauna i te tau 1865 me te murunga whenua e 224, 000 eka, kua kīia ai ko te Pā rongonui o Ngāti Awa.
Ko ngā kupu kei runga i te tohu i Te Kupenga e pēnei ana, “The traditional settlement of Ngāti Awa, was where well known ancestors Iratumoana, Hatua, Tikitu and Te Rangitukehu, all lived. Scene of a final stand by Ngāti Awa and its allies during the land wars of the 1860’s and many of its men were court martialled and imprisoned. Three were executed by hanging and four died in prison at Mount Eden.”
Ko te kōhurutanga o Volkner i Ōpōtiki te huatakitanga o te riri i tū ki Te Kūpenga. E whai ake nei ko te whakarāpopototanga. Pānuihia te Pūrongo Raupatu o Ngāti Awa me te Ture Whakataunga Kerēme o Ngāti Awa mō te whānuitanga atu o ngā kōrero, nā wai, ko wai.
I te tau 1864, ka tatū atu ngā Poropiti o te Pai Mārire, a Kereopra, Horomona rāuta ko Pātara ki te takiwā o Whakatane. Nā rātau ētahi o Ngāti Awa i whakawhere kia hono ki te Pai Mārire. I te tau 1865, ka kōhurutia te mihingare a Te Wākana i Ōpōtiki, e ētahi Māori o te iwi, he Pai Mārire ētahi.
Kaha whakahē ana ngā rangatira o Ngāti Awa i Whakatāne ki te āhua o te kōhurutanga, nā rātau tonu tētahi aukati i whakatau mai i Whangaparāoa tae noa ki Taranaki. I te whatinga o taua aukati e te kaipuke Kawanatanga e “The Kate” i tana taunga ki Whakatāne, ka kōhurutia te Apiha o te Karauna, a James Fulloon, me ētahi tonu o tana tira e ngā kaitautoko Pai Mārire o Ngāti Awa.
Ko tā Ngāti Awa mō tōna matenga, he mea takahi nānā i te aukati. Heoi anō, rerekē atu anō tā te Kawanatanga tirohanga, ka tonoa kia mauherehia te hunga nā rātau a Fulloon i kōhuru, inā hoki a Te Hura Taiwhakaripi – i kīia ai koia te kaiwhakatutū i te puehu o taua rōpū.
Koia te huatakitanga o te whai a te Karauna i a Te Hura, ka mutu i tau i te pakanga i tū ki te Pā o Te Kūpenga. E ai ki te Karauna, i te 20 o Oketopa, 1865, ka pau te toru rā e pakanga ana, ā, ka tūohu a Ngāti Awa ki te Karauna i Te Kupenga, i raro i te mana o Te Hura Te Taiwhakaripi. Ko aua hapū rā, ko Te Tawera, Warahoe, Ngāi Te Rangihouhiri II, Te Patutātahi, Ngāti Hikakino. Neke atu i te 30 ngā tāne i mauherehia ka kawea atu ki Ōpōtiki kia whakawākia ai, kia hāmenehia ai ki te mate.
Ka whakarite te Karauna ki te muru i te 245, 000 eka i a Ngāti Awa mō taua pakanga. Ka pākia kinotia te ōhanga me te ora o Ngāti Awa. Ka whakaheke tōtā ngā whakareanga ki te whakawhanake anō i a Ngāti Awa – tōna ao ōhanga, tōna oranga, tōna mana. Ko tātau e ora ana i tēnei wā te hunga kua waimarie i te reo irirangi, te whare wānanga, ngā hua tarahiti, me ngā hua ā ōhanga, nā aua whakahekenga tōtā. Kia kaua tātau e wareware, ko te aronui a te Karauna he muru i ngā whenua, i te mana o te iwi, ā ko ngā āhuatanga i puea ake i mua i te pakanga i Te Kupenga me taua pakanga tonu rā, te ātete a te iwi ki aua mahi kino. Mō ngā whakamāramatanga e pā ana ki tēnei kaupapa, me pānui e koe a Te Hura Taiwhakaripi, nā Hirini Mead rāua ko Miria Simpson.
E ai ki te kaihītoria o Ngāti Awa mō Te Kūpenga, a Onehou Phillis mō Te Kupenga, ko Iratūmoana te toa rongonui rawa atu o Te Kupenga. I tū ai tōna whare ki Kōkōhīnau. I rongonui a ia mō tana whakatekoteko i ngā māhunga o ngā rangatira i mau i a ia ki tōna pā tūwatawata. Koia rā te ahunga mai o te ingoa o Te Teko, arā, “Ngā Tekoteko o Iratūmoana”. E rima whakareanga i raro iho i a ia ko Hatua. Na, ka mate ana a Rangikawehea i Puketapu, ka riro mā tana tama, mā Hatua hei rangatira o Pahipoto, i tae atu ai ia ki Te Kupenga me Ōruataupare. I titoa tētahi waiata mō Ōruataupare, ā kei te rārangi whakamutunga e mea ana “Me kawe rawa ahau ki a āōruataupare te whare o Hatua”. I reira hoki ka tau te tatau pounamu ki a Tūhoe. I waenganui i a rāua ko Koura, he rangatira nō Waiohau. Nāna a ia i tono kia haere atu ki te kōrero mō te tatau pounamu. Ka kīia e Hatua, kei Ohui te wāhi e mutu ai ngā pakanga. Kua whakataukītia e ngā koroua, ka haere mai ana rātau i Waiohau ki ā mātau tangihanga ka kī mai, “ Ko Hatua ki konei, ko Koura ki Tūhoe.”
E ai ki a Casino Stevens nō Ngāti Haka/Patuheuheu, ko te kōrero a tōna koroua, a Hieke Tupe mā, “ Ki Pūtauaki kei raro ko Ohui ko te pounga ra i ngā tatau pounamu, i kīia ko Hatua ki a Ngāti Awa, ko Koura ki a Patuheuheu.
Kairangahau: Maraea Davies | Kaiwhakamāori: Ngarimu Daniels
____________________________________________
Mātāpuna:
Ā waha: Onehou Phillis, Kahi Stevens
Ngāti Awa claims Settlement Act
James Cowan: The New Zealand Wars / The Siege of Te Teko
Elsdon Best: In Ancient Māori Land
KAPUTERANGI
TE KAOKAOROA
TE KUPENGA
TOKITĀREKE
RAUPŌROA
